Amnesty International Reports RSF Committed Crimes Against Humanity and Ethnic Cleansing in El Fasher During Siege of North Darfur

Amnesty International concluded in a report released Wednesday that the RSF committed crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing during its campaign to seize El Fasher, North Darfur, between early 2024 and October 2025, based on interviews with 247 people, including 208 survivors, and analysis of 89 videos and satellite imagery 12. The report documented murder, extermination, forcible transfer, imprisonment, torture, rape, sexual slavery, enslavement and persecution, and found RSF fighters used the term "falangay," denoting slavery, while attacking non-Arab civilians, predominantly the Zaghawa ethnic group, near Abu Zerega and other areas surrounding the city 13. During the RSF's final offensive on October 26, civilians fleeing El Fasher encountered a 57-kilometer network of berms where Amnesty said hundreds were executed; one 58-year-old survivor estimated she saw more than 1,000 bodies 14. Amnesty identified RSF commander Al-Fateh Abdullah Idris, known as "Abu Lulu," in videos showing executions of civilian-clothed captives, and named Major General Gedo Hamdan Ahmed Mohamed and Lieutenant Colonel Abbas Khater Bakhit as overseeing torture at the Mina al-Bari detention center. Secretary General Agnès Callamard called for an immediate nationwide ceasefire, deployment of an international protection force, and a halt to arms transfers to the United Arab Emirates, which Amnesty identified as the RSF's chief external backer 12.