IMF Flags Fresh Risks as Iran Conflict Disrupts Oil, Food, and Global Supply Chains

The IMF warned that the Iran conflict and Hormuz disruption are generating cascading risks across global energy, food, and supply chain networks. The ECB separately warned of stagflation risks for energy-dependent European economies, with Germany and Italy facing technical recession by year-end. Brent crude surged above $100 for the first time since the conflict's escalation. The economic fallout is compounded by existing trade tensions and supply chain fragility from the US-China tariff war.