State Department Names Parsian Afzar Rayan Borna IT Company in $10M Reward for MOIS-Linked Cyber Actors

The State Department's Rewards for Justice program specifically named Parsian Afzar Rayan Borna, an Iranian IT company with deep ties to MOIS and Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, alongside Handala in its $10M reward offering. Researchers assess Parsian Afzar was a key cog in the 2022 cyberattack on Albania's government and participates in domestic surveillance operations. The naming publicly links a specific Iranian private-sector entity to state-directed cyber operations for the first time in this conflict.