Adversary Intelligence — 2026-04-16

Iran Used Chinese TEE-01B Spy Satellite to Monitor and Target US Military Bases During March Strikes

The IRGC Aerospace Force secretly acquired a Chinese-built TEE-01B high-resolution reconnaissance satellite in late 2024, using it to surveil and target US military installations during March 2026 strikes, according to a Financial Times investigation. Time-stamped imagery shows the satellite captured photos of Prince Sultan Air Base in Saudi Arabia days before drone and missile strikes damaged five USAF refueling aircraft. The satellite, built by China's Earth Eye Co and launched from China under an in-orbit delivery model, also surveilled Muwaffaq Salti Air Base in Jordan, the US Fifth Fleet base in Bahrain, and Erbil airport in Iraq. Beijing-based Emposat provided ground station access to IRGC operators.

Analysis
The TEE-01B acquisition, per converging reporting, confirms a Chinese-Iranian intelligence-sharing pipeline under commercial cover; Earth Eye Co's in-orbit delivery model paired with Emposat's ground station access for IRGC operators makes the competing hypothesis, that China merely failed to block a commercial deal, difficult to sustain. Iranian kill-chain integration of satellite ISR almost certainly surprised U.S. force protection planners, who had assessed Iranian overhead capability as limited to UAV and commercial satellite purchases. Chinese provision of near-real-time military-grade reconnaissance to an active U.S. adversary during hostilities is a qualitative escalation in Sino-Iranian defense cooperation that will very likely trigger expanded CFIUS and export control actions against Chinese remote sensing firms in the coming weeks; Gulf state defense establishments are already auditing base vulnerabilities from TEE-01B imagery, and Taipei has begun scrutinizing Earth Eye Co's dual-use export model as a proliferation vector.
5 sources
  1. Iran used Chinese spy satellite to target US bases: Report - Al Arabiya
  2. Iran used Chinese spy satellite to target US military bases in Middle East - report - Times of Israel
  3. Iran purchased Chinese TEE-01B high-resolution satellite to target US bases during March 2026 attacks - Army Recognition
  4. Iran used Chinese spy satellite to target US bases, Financial Times reports - Taipei Times
  5. Iran used Chinese spy satellite to attack US bases in Gulf - Middle East Eye

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