Satellite Imagery Shows Iran Resumes Construction at Pickaxe Mountain Nuclear Tunnel Complex in Apparent Violation of MOU

Satellite imagery collected by Vantor Tech in late June and analyzed by the Institute for Science and International Security shows vehicles and construction crews reinforcing tunnel entrances at Iran's Pickaxe Mountain complex near Natanz, activity ISIS says is inconsistent with the June 17 US-Iran memorandum of understanding requiring Iran to maintain the status quo at nuclear-related sites 12. ISIS senior fellow Spencer Faragasso said the western tunnel portals show ongoing vehicle activity and hardening work, while the eastern portals remain partially backfilled with dirt, and a smaller internal tunnel complex has been fully sealed with its contents unknown 23; Faragasso assessed the complex is likely large enough to hold an enrichment plant 3. The same imagery found no repair activity at Natanz, Fordow, or Isfahan, the three sites damaged in the June 2025 US-Israeli strikes, with tunnel entrances still sealed or backfilled and Fordow's approach roads blocked by earthen defensive mounds installed in May 13. The IAEA has not been granted access to Pickaxe Mountain and, per Fox News, declined to say in late June whether it would seek entry 3. Iran has restored access to 50 of 69 tunnel entrances across 18 underground missile facilities damaged in the conflict 1.