Adversary Intelligence — 2026-06-26

CSIS Study Reveals Cuba Has Completed Major Signals Intelligence Antenna Array at Bejucal Facility

BLUFFormal US attribution of the Bejucal array to Chinese intelligence operations remains unlikely within twelve months, leaving Beijing's role in Cuba's most capable signals collection facility publicly uncontested.

On June 18, CSIS published satellite imagery analysis showing Cuba has completed a circularly disposed antenna array (CDAA) at Bejucal near Havana, replacing an older linear grid, and assessed the facility has very likely begun operations 12. CSIS describes it as the largest and most capable Cuban CDAA documented, capable of intercepting and geolocating signals from 3,000 to 8,000 miles, covering U.S. naval and aviation activity across the Caribbean and southeastern United States 12. CSIS finds no declassified evidence directly linking China to the array but notes U.S. officials have acknowledged China operates at least three intelligence facilities in Cuba and identifies Bejucal as among the sites most likely supporting Chinese collection operations 12.

Analysis
Formal U.S. attribution of Bejucal to Chinese intelligence operations is unlikely within twelve months. Officials across administrations have consistently stopped short of facility-specific designation, and CSIS's commercial imagery, the only primary source, finds no declassified evidence tying China to this array. Congressional pressure has hardened since prior reporting, with House Republicans formally writing to DHS Secretary Noem, but that does not shift the administration's calculus. Cuba's independent SIGINT tradition, predating any PRC relationship, makes domestic modernization a plausible competing driver. Without formal attribution, DoD faces no mandate to brief Congress on countermeasures and State faces no designation requirement. Moderate confidence rests on the consistent pattern of reticence and the absence of observable declassification indicators.

3 sources

Cuba's New Spy Array Raises Concerns for U.S. Security - The Cipher Brief
Satellite Images From Cuba Spy Site Raise China Fears - Newsweek
New Activity at Possible Chinese Intelligence Facilities in Cuba - CSIS