//
OFFLINE — VIEWING CACHED CONTENT
← Back to Archive

Personal Daily Brief

Current as of 0355 EDT (UTC-04), Wednesday 29 July 2026

Contents

9 stories from 37 sources across 30 organizations

KEY JUDGMENTS

Iran's ballistic missile attack on a U.S. base in Jordan Tuesday collapses the diplomatic opening Trump established last week and triggers joint U.S.-Saudi targeting of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)-linked forces in Iraq. Further joint strikes are likely within the coming week. Iran-aligned forces will very likely attack Saudi energy infrastructure again within the next month, before Aramco restores Abqaiq operations suspended Monday after a Houthi drone strike. Moderate confidence reflects observed attack tempo exceeding 30 strikes in 72 hours and the proxy network's distributed capacity. If Tuesday's launch was an IRGC faction acting unilaterally, formal restraint from Tehran's leadership would alter this trajectory.

The Senate's 86-12 procedural advance of the Graham sanctions bill, paired with Treasury's expanded Zanjani network designations, narrows Tehran's financial and diplomatic space. Formal U.S.-Iran contact is likely foreclosed before September. Renewed Treasury activity against IRGC-linked financial networks very likely continues through the third quarter. Moderate confidence reflects the network's demonstrated reconstitution pattern after each designation round. Congressional carve-outs after the House returns on August 31 would be the observable shift.

Brazil recalled its ambassador from Buenos Aires after Milei insulted Lula on Brazilian soil, an unprecedented bilateral break. Bitelli's return within two months is unlikely. High confidence reflects Milei's escalation pattern and Brazil's judicial actions closing off face-saving exits.

Middle East

Iran Launches Ballistic Missiles at US Base in Jordan in First Attack Since Trump Paused Strikes

BLUF: CENTCOM's immediate joint retaliation with Saudi Arabia signals Washington has already chosen escalation over absorbing the strike, narrowing the diplomatic runway Tehran needs to avoid a broader campaign.

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps forces launched multiple ballistic missiles from Iran at 5:45pm ET Tuesday toward a U.S. base in Jordan, in what CENTCOM called an attempted surprise attack; all missiles were intercepted 12. A U.S. official told the Jerusalem Post that at least four missiles were fired and that "this was a major attack" 3. CENTCOM said it responded with U.S. and Saudi fighter aircraft strikes on multiple IRGC logistics and weapons sites in eastern Iraq, citing more than 30 IRGC-directed drone attacks over the prior 72 hours; Saudi Arabia's Defense Ministry confirmed it participated in coordination with CENTCOM 1. It was the first Iranian ballistic missile attack on a U.S. base in the region since President Trump paused strikes against Iran last Friday, and it came hours after Trump met Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House 14.

Analyst Note: The strike collapses the informal calm Trump set last week, forcing an immediate choice between absorbing the hit and reviving the prior campaign, and CENTCOM's joint retaliation with Saudi Arabia against IRGC logistics sites in eastern Iraq shows Washington already responding kinetically while contacts with Tehran continue. The timing, hours after Trump's meeting with Netanyahu, raises the stakes for any near-term diplomatic session. Confidence is low: the account rests on CENTCOM's own statement, with Axios, The Hill, Townhall, and Jerusalem Post amplifying it without independent confirmation of missile counts, launch sites, or interception details, leaving Tehran's command intent unresolved. The strike may instead reflect an IRGC faction acting to sabotage the diplomatic opening rather than a coordinated decision by Tehran's leadership to abandon the pause.

Sources:

1: Iran launches missiles at U.S. base for first time since Trump paused strikes - Axios

2: Iran launches 'surprise' missile attack on U.S. base in Middle East - The Hill

3: Iran fires missiles at US bases in Middle East following launches from Iraq towards Saudi Arabia - Jerusalem Post

4: Iran's 'Attempted Surprise Attack' Against American Military Stopped - Townhall

CENTCOM statement: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps forces launched multiple ballistic missiles from Iran in an attempted surprise attack on U.S. forces based in the Middle East - U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM)

US and Saudi Fighter Jets Conduct Joint Strikes on Iran-Backed Militia Sites in Iraq

BLUF: Joint U.S.-Saudi target coordination against Iraqi militias collapses the diplomatic buffer between proxy strikes and direct action against Iran if Tehran does not restrain its networks.

U.S. and Saudi militaries conducted joint airstrikes late Tuesday on Iran-backed militia logistics and weapons sites across eastern Iraq, according to U.S. Central Command 1. CENTCOM said the strikes responded to more than 30 attempted drone attacks over the prior three days against U.S. forces and Saudi energy sites, characterizing the attacks on U.S. assets as unsuccessful 1. Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Defense separately confirmed it carried out strikes, citing its right to self-defense, and said it intercepted drones launched from Iraq targeting petroleum facilities in Riyadh and eastern Saudi Arabia 2. CENTCOM did not name the targeted groups but attributed direction of the attacks to Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, and separately reported it had thwarted an IRGC ballistic missile launch against U.S. forces in the region earlier the same day 12. CENTCOM warned that the IRGC and its proxies must cease the attacks to avoid further U.S. military response 1.

Analyst Note: The joint strike marks a shift from unilateral absorption to coordinated U.S.-Saudi targeting of Iran-backed militias, and CENTCOM's decision to bundle the averted IRGC ballistic missile launch with the militia strikes into one statement directly ties Tehran to attacks on both U.S. forces and Saudi energy infrastructure, narrowing the threshold for resuming direct strikes on Iran if diplomacy stalls. Concurrent Houthi attacks on Saudi tankers and oil facilities pressure Riyadh on a second front, reducing Saudi incentive to distance itself from U.S. action. The episode rests on CENTCOM's own release, with other reporting merely amplifying that account rather than independently verifying it, and the specificity of the disclosure may serve as much to justify continued U.S. force posture and reassure Riyadh as to deter further Iranian-backed strikes.

Sources:

1: U.S., Saudi Forces Strike Iran-Backed Terrorist Sites in Iraq - US Central Command

2: U.S. and Saudi Arabia strike Iran-aligned terrorists in Iraq - CBS News

Saudi Aramco Suspends Abqaiq Operations After Houthi Drone Strike on Kingdom Largest Oil Processing Facility

BLUF: Aramco will likely restore full Abqaiq throughput by late August, but renewed Houthi precision strikes on the kingdom's most critical processing node signal persistent vulnerability in Saudi export infrastructure.

Saudi Aramco suspended operations at the Abqaiq oil processing and stabilisation facility, one of the world's largest such complexes, after a Houthi drone attack on Monday 12. The Houthis claimed strikes on multiple Saudi oil production and transport points, including the East-West pipeline that carries crude to the Red Sea port of Yanbu, with military spokesman Yahya Saree describing the operation as a response to Saudi drone incursions into Yemeni airspace 23. Aramco began emergency flaring of excess gas at several sites, and NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) satellite imagery from July 27 showed multiple active fire hotspots at the facility 2. Saudi Arabia said its air defenses intercepted drones launched from Iraqi territory targeting the kingdom's oil facilities earlier Monday but had issued no comment on the Houthi claim as of the reports 3.

Analyst Note: Aramco likely restores full Abqaiq throughput within a month, by August 26, given the kingdom's track record repairing prior high-profile strikes without prolonged export disruption; sustained flaring and multiple satellite hotspots point to processing-train damage rather than catastrophic loss of the complex, though the shutdown may instead reflect precautionary flaring tied to the wider wave of intercepted drones rather than confirmed damage from the claimed strikes. The East-West pipeline strike threatens a secondary bottleneck to Yanbu exports, and renewed Houthi targeting of the same node signals intent to sustain pressure on Saudi export infrastructure rather than a one-off hit. Confidence is low given reporting rests overwhelmingly on a single Anadolu wire dispatch relayed through Middle East Monitor, with other outlets only secondarily confirming the shutdown and no Saudi confirmation of damage extent. A confirmed extended outage would force Riyadh to draw down strategic crude stocks or reroute exports; a swift restart lets it avoid tapping reserves.

Sources:

1: Saudi Arabia halts operations at major oil facility after Houthi attack - Middle East Eye

2: Saudi Aramco halts operations at Abqaiq oil facility after Houthi drone attack - Caliber.Az

3: Yemen's Houthis claim drone attack on oil supply, transport points in Saudi Arabia - Middle East Monitor

Yemen's Houthis claim drone attack on oil supply, transport points in Saudi Arabia - Anadolu Agency

US Treasury Sanctions Family of Iranian Tycoon Zanjani in IRGC Crypto Network Crackdown

BLUF: Treasury's systematic dismantling of Zanjani's reconstitution channels makes additional tranches of IRGC-linked designations very likely through the third quarter of 2026, tightening financial pressure as the rial hits record lows.

The Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control designated four individuals and nine entities in Iranian financier Babak Zanjani's sanctions-evasion network on Friday, building on the January 30 designation of Zanjani and his exchanges Zedcex and Zedxion 12. The new designations target Zanjani's Tehran-based "Dot One" conglomerate, including holding company Dot One Value Creation Group, gold custodian DotOne Gold Company, and DotOne Rail, Airlines, Barter, and Trip subsidiaries, along with foreign support entities Zedpay in Turkey and Zedx Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) in the UAE and their respective managers Mehdi Rezazadeh and Sukhrob Oimakhmadov 13. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) also designated Zanjani's sister, Bahareh Morteza Zanjani, for managing Dubai-based BZ Diamond FZCO, and his partner, Solmaz Bani, for registering websites for his companies 14. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said the Iranian rial has fallen to a record low amid rising inflation, and State Department spokesman Tommy Pigott linked the action to Iran's recent attacks on commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz 2. Zanjani denied any commercial relationship with the newly sanctioned foreign entities and individuals in a post on X 4.

Analyst Note: The layered blacklisting of holding company, gold custodian, and transport subsidiaries alongside foreign payment conduits shows Treasury working to close off the reconstitution channels Zanjani used after January's designation rather than relying on a single strike. Naming family and personal associates as designated parties extends exposure to informal financial and reputational networks that formal corporate designations alone do not reach. Renewed sanctions activity very likely continues through the third quarter of 2026, a judgment made with moderate confidence that rests on Treasury's stated intent to keep cutting off regime-linked financiers and the Zanjani network's demonstrated pattern of reconstituting under new entities after each designation round. Continued rial depreciation and the Strait of Hormuz vessel attacks give Washington both economic leverage and a stated rationale to sustain pressure.

Sources:

1: Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network - U.S. Department of the Treasury

2: US hits network of Iranian financier Zanjani with more sanctions - Reuters

3: US Imposes New Sanctions on Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network - Bloomberg

4: US Sanctions Family of Iranian Tycoon in Crackdown on Alleged IRGC Crypto Network - OCCRP

Americas

Venezuela Withdraws from International Criminal Court as Trump Administration Welcomes Move

BLUF: Washington's open endorsement of Venezuela's International Criminal Court (ICC) withdrawal converts the court's erosion from institutional drift into coordinated policy, accelerating defections that will hollow out the Rome Statute's enforcement capacity.

Venezuelan Foreign Minister Felix Plasencia announced on Friday that Caracas had formally notified the UN of an "irrevocable" withdrawal from the Rome Statute, on instructions from interim President Delcy Rodriguez, citing the ICC's geographical bias against Africa and Latin America 12. The US State Department welcomed the move the same day, calling the ICC "corrupt and worthless" and saying it had "wasted its resources" pursuing Nicolas Maduro since 2018 "with no result," and it urged all ICC member states to withdraw from the Rome Statute 34. The withdrawal came the same day ICC member states voted to dismiss chief prosecutor Karim Khan over sexual misconduct allegations he denies, with 82 of 125 member states supporting removal according to Reuters diplomatic sources 2. The ICC has not received formal UN notification of the withdrawal and states any exit takes effect one year after notification without affecting ongoing investigations, according to Al Jazeera 1.

Analyst Note: Venezuela's exit strips the ICC of whatever residual leverage it held over Caracas, since the court's practical reach has always depended on state cooperation now withdrawn, and the pending crimes-against-humanity probe continues in name only. Coming the same week as Chad's own withdrawal announcement and Khan's ouster, the move reads less as independent policy than as Rodriguez's government sequencing to Washington's cues, though the stated grievance over the court's geographic bias against Africa and Latin America reflects a genuine, longstanding Global South critique rather than pure alignment with the US campaign. Reporting converges tightly around the State Department's and Caracas's own statements, with outside sourcing largely echoing that official language rather than adding independent reporting.

Sources:

1: What drove Venezuela decision to leave the ICC? - Al Jazeera

2: Venezuela withdraws from ICC amid human rights investigation - The Jerusalem Post

3: Venezuela Withdraws from the ICC - U.S. Department of State

4: US says 'it is time to dismantle' ICC after Venezuela announces withdrawal - Middle East Eye

Brazil Recalls Ambassador in Unprecedented Diplomatic Crisis After Milei Insults Lula at Bolsonaro Campaign Launch

BLUF: Milei's decision to attack Lula on Brazilian soil during a campaign rally makes a restored ambassadorial presence unlikely within the next two months, locking both countries into their most serious bilateral rupture in modern history.

Brazil's Foreign Ministry recalled Ambassador Julio Bitelli from Buenos Aires for consultations on Sunday and summoned Argentina's ambassador, Daniel Raimondi, after President Javier Milei called Lula da Silva a "convict," "thief," and "totalitarian" and Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes "bald garbage" or "bald trash" at Flávio Bolsonaro's presidential campaign launch in São Paulo on Saturday 1234. The ministry called it unprecedented for a foreign head of state to hurl insults at Brazil's head of state and judiciary while on Brazilian soil 14. Milei told Radio Mitre on Sunday that Brazil's government funded 25 percent of an "anti-Argentina campaign" tied to World Cup criticism of Argentina's team, without providing evidence, and said he was denied a visit to Jair Bolsonaro after Moraes barred him from receiving visitors 34. Lula, without naming Milei, said on Monday that Brazil does not accept anyone sticking their nose where it doesn't belong 14.

Analyst Note: Brazil's ambassadorial recall, the first in the countries' history, signals Brasília now treats Milei's rhetoric as a sustained campaign-season threat rather than a one-off outburst, a judgment held with high confidence given Milei's pattern of doubling down with unsubstantiated claims and parallel escalation from Brazil's Supreme Court and Workers' Party that closes off an early face-saving exit. Bitelli's return to Buenos Aires within the next two months is unlikely. Reporting converges across independently sourced outlets, from Bloomberg and the Buenos Aires Herald to France 24 and the Buenos Aires Times, rather than resting on single-wire echo. Milei's outburst may instead reflect domestic electoral calculation aimed at Argentine voters, burnishing anti-left credentials through confrontation with Lula ahead of Flávio Bolsonaro's campaign. A prolonged recall would force Mercosur trade coordination through lower-level channels before the October 4 election, while a quick restoration would signal the rupture was performative.

Sources:

1: Brazil recalls ambassador after Milei attacks Lula, judge - Buenos Aires Times

2: Brazil Recalls Ambassador After Milei Attacks Lula, Judge - Bloomberg

3: Brazil recalls Argentina ambassador after Milei insults Lula at Flavio Bolsonaro campaign launch - France 24

4: Milei triggers diplomatic crisis with Brazil after insulting Lula da Silva - Buenos Aires Herald

US Domestic

Senate Votes 86-12 to Advance Russia Sanctions Bill Named After Late Senator Graham

BLUF: Memorial politics collapsed Republican resistance to sanctioning Russian oil revenue, but the two-month House recess hands the White House a quiet window to shape the final bill.

The Senate voted 86-12 on Tuesday to advance the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026, with Sen. Rand Paul the lone Republican dissenting 1. The bill, negotiated by Graham with the White House before his death and co-led by Sen. Richard Blumenthal, has drawn more than 60 co-sponsors and would impose 100% secondary tariffs on buyers of Russian oil and gas, target Russia's shadow fleet, and extend expiring Iran sanctions to 2031 12. The procedural vote followed Graham's funeral at Washington National Cathedral, which Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy attended before meeting senators on Capitol Hill and watching the vote from the chamber 12. The House is out of session until August 31, so the bill will not reach President Trump's desk until after that recess 2.

Analyst Note: The 86-12 margin, with only Rand Paul dissenting, reflects collapsed Republican resistance to punishing Moscow's oil revenue rather than genuine caucus division, at moderate confidence given the roll-call record and convergent independent reporting on sponsor and provision details. Staging the vote around Graham's funeral and Zelenskyy's presence on the floor raised the political cost of defection for members wary of the tariff mechanism or shadow-fleet provisions. The margin exceeded expectations, but the House's absence until August 31 pushes any presidential signature well past the current cycle, giving the White House added weeks to negotiate carve-outs before the bill reaches Trump's desk. The overwhelming vote may instead reflect a one-time tribute to Graham rather than durable consensus, since the White House shelved the package for months over the same tariff language still in it.

Sources:

1: 86 senators vote to move forward with Graham Russia sanctions bill - Axios

2: Senate overwhelmingly advances Russia sanctions bill named after Sen. Lindsey Graham - ABC News

Roll Call Vote 212: On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to H.R. 5334 (86-12) - U.S. Senate

Senate passes Russia sanctions amendment with bipartisan support - CBS News

Senate advances broad sanctions on Russia and Iran following Lindsey Graham's death - The Hill

Prior Reporting - [Senate preparing to vote on Russia sanctions next week](https://www.axios.com/2026/07/23/senate-russia-sanctions-iran-vote) (2026-07-23) - [Senate moves to expand Russia sanctions bill to include Iran and Hezbollah, Sen. John Thune says](https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/5987084-thune-iran-sanctions-russia-bill/) (2026-07-23) - [Sen. Thune: Add Iran to Russia Sanctions Package](https://www.newsmax.com/politics/john-thune-darline-graham-richard-bluementhal/2026/07/23/id/1263852/) (2026-07-23) - [Add Iran to Russian sanctions?](https://punchbowl.news/article/defense/iran-russia-sanctions/) (2026-07-23)

South Asia

UN Reports Nearly 400 Afghan Civilians Killed or Injured in Three Months Amid Pakistan Border Clashes

BLUF: Diverging casualty narratives between United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) and Kabul are poisoning the evidentiary basis for de-escalation before talks gain traction, while unexploded ordnance ensures civilian harm outlasts any ceasefire.

UNAMA reported 399 Afghan civilians killed or injured between April and June, attributing the toll to cross-border shelling, Pakistani airstrikes, and unexploded ordnance in Paktika, Paktia, and Kunar provinces 12. The single deadliest episode was a June 28 wave of Pakistani airstrikes across all three provinces that killed at least 28 civilians and injured 49, the highest one-day toll of the quarter. UNAMA also documented a June 28 strike on a Kunar residence that injured a woman and two children, and a Paktika unexploded-ordnance blast that killed seven civilians and wounded six others collecting scrap metal 12. Ariana News, citing the same UNAMA quarterly report, broke the total down as 57 deaths and 342 injuries, including 40 women and 112 children, and reported UNAMA attributed all recorded casualties to Pakistani security forces 3. Afghanistan's Taliban-led Foreign Ministry separately claimed Pakistani airstrikes on June 28-29 alone killed about 36 civilians and injured 163, a figure Pakistan disputes. UNAMA additionally linked the quarter's fighting to displacement of more than 29,000 families across over 50 incidents 12.

Analyst Note: UNAMA's cause-neutral tally, the only primary source here, diverges sharply from Ariana News's gloss attributing all 399 casualties to Pakistani forces, an editorial framing UNAMA's own release does not support, and that gap between verified record and public narrative undercuts any shared factual baseline for de-escalation talks both governments claim to want. Unexploded ordnance killing scrap collectors alongside airstrike deaths shows the toll compounds independent of any single actor's operations, so a bilateral ceasefire alone would not immediately stop civilian harm. Kabul's unverified, higher casualty count for the June 28-29 strikes suggests the Taliban administration is building a public case for international pressure on Islamabad rather than pursuing direct negotiation.

Sources:

1: UN Says Nearly 400 Civilians Killed or Injured in Afghanistan in Three Months - Khaama Press

2: UN Report: Nearly 400 Afghan Civilians Killed or Wounded in Three Months Amid Surging Border Hostilities - DawatMedia24

3: UNAMA: 57 civilians killed in Pakistan attacks in three months - Ariana News

Update on Civilian Casualties in Afghanistan - UNAMA

Europe

France and Spain Wildfires Force 330000 Evacuations as France Declares First National Wildfire Emergency

BLUF: Full containment of the Gironde wildfire by August 12 is unlikely, as a fourth heat wave and 14 reignitions within the burn scar undercut stabilization gains ahead of peak tourist season.

French authorities ordered nearly 4,000 more evacuations from Atlantic coast tourist sites near Lège-Cap-Ferret on Tuesday as renewed flames broke out at Grand Crohot beach, part of a Gironde wildfire that has burned 420 square kilometers and driven 220,000 people from their homes 12. Gironde prefect Sophie Brocas called the fire stabilized but not contained, citing 14 flare-ups within already-burned zones and warning that rising temperatures could still break its hold 12. Across France and Spain, wildfires have displaced roughly 330,000 people combined, with Spain's Ávila fire now the largest in that country's recorded history at over 500 square kilometers and at least 13 deaths reported nationwide this year 13. Spanish authorities began lifting evacuation orders for 20,000 of 79,000 people displaced over the weekend as firefighters made overnight progress, even as both countries brace for a fourth heat wave with temperatures forecast above 40C in Spain and 35C in Gironde 13.

Analyst Note: Full containment of the Gironde fire by August 12 is unlikely. Fourteen reignitions within already-burned zones and a fourth heat wave forecast to push temperatures to 35C in Gironde and above 40C in Spain will hinge on falling humidity rather than remaining fuel load, and the adjacent Landes fire's own contained-but-still-monitored status suggests Gironde's larger, coastally exposed burn scar runs longer still. Officials' stabilized-not-contained framing may reflect an incentive to manage public risk perception ahead of peak tourist season rather than a precise technical read of fire behavior. Confidence in this assessment is low given wire-concentrated sourcing (two of three primary accounts trace to a single AP feed) and no French government statement on an official timeline. Slippage past August 12 would extend the record peacetime evacuation and keep foreign aerial assets tied down in France rather than freed for redeployment to Spain's still-active, now record-scale Ávila fire.

Sources:

1: New wildfire evacuations ordered in France, bringing total to 330,000 people displaced in southwestern Europe - PBS News (Associated Press)

2: French wildfires flare up again as authorities evacuate 4,000 more from tourist sites - France 24

3: Huge fires in France and Spain force evacuation of 330,000 as another heat wave looms - CBC News (Associated Press)

With wildfires raging in France and Spain fire crews race against next heat wave - NPR

Prior Reporting - [More than 200,000 people flee raging wildfires in France and Spain, some escaping by boat](https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/tens-of-thousands-of-people-flee-raging-wildfires-in-france-and-spain-some-escaping-by-boat) (2026-07-25) - [Wildfires force more than 200,000 people in France and Spain to flee](https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20260724-spain-declares-state-of-emergency-and-france-seeks-eu-help-as-wildfires-rage) (2026-07-25) - [Wildfires: 200,000 people flee as blazes spread in France and Spain](https://www.irishtimes.com/world/europe/2026/07/24/wildfires-spain-declares-national-emergency-as-france-seeks-eu-help/) (2026-07-25) - [200,000+ flee as wildfires spin out of control in France, Spain](https://www.trtworld.com/article/c9bb7e25a4ff) (2026-07-25) - [Southern Europe wildfires kill 3 firefighters, force thousands to flee](https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2026/07/23/France-Italy-Spain-wildfires/9241784804027/) (2026-07-23) - [Wildfire in France forces 40,000 people to evacuate as crews battle record blazes across Western Europe](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/france-europe-wildfires-evacuations-record-heat-spain-italy-deaths/) (2026-07-23) - [Wildfires rage across parts of France, Spain and Italy](https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/07/23/wildfires-rage-across-parts-of-france-spain-and-italy) (2026-07-23) - [Wildfires ravage Spain, France and Italy, killing three firefighters](https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20260723-wildfires-ravage-spain-france-and-italy-killing-three-firefighters) (2026-07-23)

COLLECTION GAPS

UNCLASSIFIED // OPEN SOURCE